{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-blog-post-js","path":"/sort/quickSort/","result":{"data":{"site":{"siteMetadata":{"title":"Zayden","author":"[Your Name]","siteUrl":"https://gatsby-starter-bee.netlify.com","comment":{"disqusShortName":"","utterances":"JaeYeopHan/gatsby-starter-bee"},"sponsor":{"buyMeACoffeeId":"jbee"}}},"markdownRemark":{"id":"214bc3d4-ba1e-51f2-bde0-e619f881621f","excerpt":"퀵 정렬이란 퀵 정렬은 분할 및 정복 기반 알고리즘이며, 요소를 피벗으로 선택하고 정렬된 배열의 올바른 위치에 피벗을 배치하여 선택된 피벗을 중심으로 주어진 배열을 분할합니다. 퀵 정렬하는 과정을 간단히 정리하면 다음과 같습니다. 분할: 입력 배열을 피벗을 기준을 비균등하게…","html":"<h3 id=\"퀵-정렬이란\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%ED%80%B5-%EC%A0%95%EB%A0%AC%EC%9D%B4%EB%9E%80\" aria-label=\"퀵 정렬이란 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>퀵 정렬이란</h3>\n<p>퀵 정렬은 분할 및 정복 기반 알고리즘이며, 요소를 피벗으로 선택하고 정렬된 배열의 올바른 위치에 피벗을 배치하여 선택된 피벗을 중심으로 주어진 배열을 분할합니다.</p>\n<p>퀵 정렬하는 과정을 간단히 정리하면 다음과 같습니다.</p>\n<ul>\n<li>분할: 입력 배열을 피벗을 기준을 비균등하게 2개의 부분 배열(피벗보다 작은 요소들, 피벗보다 큰 요소들)로 분할합니다.</li>\n<li>정복: 부분 배열을 정렬한다. 부분 배열의 크기가 충분히 작지 않으면 다시 분할하여 같은 과정을 진행합니다.</li>\n<li>결합: 정렬된 부분 배열들을 하나의 바열에 합병한다.</li>\n</ul>\n<br/>\n<h3 id=\"퀵-정렬-동작-과정\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%ED%80%B5-%EC%A0%95%EB%A0%AC-%EB%8F%99%EC%9E%91-%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95\" aria-label=\"퀵 정렬 동작 과정 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>퀵 정렬 동작 과정</h3>\n<p>배열 <code class=\"language-text\">[10, 80, 30, 90, 40]</code>을 예를 들어 살펴 보겠습니다.</p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>피벗은 <code class=\"language-text\">40</code>으로 합니다. 입력된 배열에 피벗을 기준으로 작은값, 큰값으로 나눕니다.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"text\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code class=\"language-text\">[10, 30] 40 [90, 80]</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>왼쪽 배열에서 피벗을 30으로 합니다. 입력된 배열에 피벗을 기준으로 작은값, 큰값으로 나눕니다</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"text\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code class=\"language-text\">[10] 30</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>왼쪽 배열에서 피벗을 80으로 합니다. 입력된 배열에 피벗을 기준으로 작은값, 큰값으로 나눕니다.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"text\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code class=\"language-text\">80 [90]</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>해당 과정이 각각 분할된 배열의 크기가 0, 1이나 될때까지 반복하고, 그 이후에는 결합합니다.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"text\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code class=\"language-text\">[10, 30, 40, 80, 90]</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<br/>\n<h3 id=\"퀵-정렬-구현-코드\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%ED%80%B5-%EC%A0%95%EB%A0%AC-%EA%B5%AC%ED%98%84-%EC%BD%94%EB%93%9C\" aria-label=\"퀵 정렬 구현 코드 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>퀵 정렬 구현 코드</h3>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">partition</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> low<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> high</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token comment\">// 가장 오른쪽 값을 피벗으로 설정</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> pivot <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>high<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n  <span class=\"token comment\">// 피벗 왼쪽에 작은 요소들을 넣기 위한 index</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> low <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> j <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> low<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> j <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;=</span> high <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> j<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">// 피벗보다 작은 요소를 찾아</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>j<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;</span> pivot<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n      <span class=\"token comment\">// Increment index of smaller element</span>\n      i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>j<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>j<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n  <span class=\"token comment\">// 피벗을 알맞은 위치에 넣기</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>high<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>high<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n  <span class=\"token comment\">// 피벗을 반환한다</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">quickSort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> low<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> high</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>low <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> high<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n  <span class=\"token comment\">// 분할</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> pivot <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">partition</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> low<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> high<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n  <span class=\"token comment\">// 피벗 기준을 왼쪽, 오른쪽 배열을 재귀적으로 호출하여 정렬하는 과정 (정복)</span>\n  <span class=\"token function\">quickSort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> low<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pivot <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token function\">quickSort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> pivot <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> high<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n\n<span class=\"token function\">quickSort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></code></pre></div>\n<br/>\n<h3 id=\"시간-복잡도--공간-복잡도\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%84-%EB%B3%B5%EC%9E%A1%EB%8F%84--%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84-%EB%B3%B5%EC%9E%A1%EB%8F%84\" aria-label=\"시간 복잡도  공간 복잡도 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>시간 복잡도 &#x26; 공간 복잡도</h3>\n<h4 id=\"시간-복잡도\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%84-%EB%B3%B5%EC%9E%A1%EB%8F%84\" aria-label=\"시간 복잡도 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>시간 복잡도</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>퀵 정렬의 최악의 경우 시간 복잡도는 O(n^2)입니다.</li>\n<li>퀵 정렬의 평균적인 경우의 시간 복잡도는 O(nlogn)입니다.</li>\n<li>최선의 경우의 시간 복잡도는 O(nlogn)입니다.</li>\n</ul>\n<h4 id=\"공간-복잡도\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84-%EB%B3%B5%EC%9E%A1%EB%8F%84\" aria-label=\"공간 복잡도 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>공간 복잡도</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>퀵 정렬의 공간 복잡도는 재귀 스택 공간을 고려하지않으면 O(1)이고 고려하면 O(N)입니다.</li>\n</ul>\n<br/>\n<h3 id=\"퀵-정렬의-특징\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%ED%80%B5-%EC%A0%95%EB%A0%AC%EC%9D%98-%ED%8A%B9%EC%A7%95\" aria-label=\"퀵 정렬의 특징 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>퀵 정렬의 특징</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>대용량 데이터에서 효율적입니다.</li>\n<li>최악의 경우 O(N^2)의 시간 복잡도를 가집니다. (피벗이 잘못 선택되었을 때 발생합니다.)</li>\n<li>작은 데이터에서는 적합하지 않습니다.</li>\n<li>안정적인 정렬이 아닙니다. 즉, 두 요소의 키가 동일한 경우 퀵 정렬의 경우 정렬된 출력에서 상대적인 순서가 유지되지 않습니다.</li>\n</ul>\n<br />\n<h3 id=\"참조\" style=\"position:relative;\"><a href=\"#%EC%B0%B8%EC%A1%B0\" aria-label=\"참조 permalink\" class=\"anchor before\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>참조</h3>\n<hr>\n<p><a href=\"https://gmlwjd9405.github.io/2018/05/10/algorithm-quick-sort.html\">https://gmlwjd9405.github.io/2018/05/10/algorithm-quick-sort.html</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/quick-sort/\">https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/quick-sort/</a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://gyoogle.dev/blog/algorithm/Quick%20Sort.html\">https://gyoogle.dev/blog/algorithm/Quick%20Sort.html</a></p>","frontmatter":{"title":"퀵 정렬","date":"July 28, 2023"}}},"pageContext":{"slug":"/sort/quickSort/","previous":{"fields":{"slug":"/sort/mergeSort/"},"frontmatter":{"title":"병합 정렬"}},"next":{"fields":{"slug":"/algorithm/leetcode/34/"},"frontmatter":{"title":"leetcode - Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array"}}}}}